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(No Model.)

P. P. OLSSON.

KNITTINGINDIGATOR.

No. 457,166. y Patented Aug. 4, 1891,

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@YELLOW UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PER PERSSON OLSSON, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

KNITTING-INDICATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 457,166, dated August4, 1891.

Application filed December l5, 1390. Serial No. 374,660. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, PER PERssoN OLssoN, a citizen of the Kingdom ofSweden, residing in Stockholm, Sweden, have invented an Improvement inKnitting-Indicators, of which the following is a specification.

In knitting garments and fabrics of different Vcharacters it hasheretofore been usual to count the stitches and the rows of stitches andto narrow or widen the fabric and to vary the character of the knitting,so as to produce plain knitting, pearl knitting, ribbed web, &c., and itis only after long practice that the operator becomes sufficientlyfamiliar with the number of stitches and rows to knit numerous fabricsof the same character one after the other.

In Letters Patent No. 350,013, granted to me September 28, 1886, acountingapparatns and pattern-card for knitting-machines is represented;and the present invention relates to an improved pattern-card orknitting-indicator that may be made use of with the counting apparatusshown in the aforesaid patent, or it may be used with anyother countingapparatus, or it may be employed by a e person using a knitting-machine,such as the Lamb knitting-machine, in which case the operator simply hasto count the number of rows. of knitting and the pattern-card orindicator points out of what is to be done in each stage of the knittingwhen a given number of rows have been knitted.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a pattern-card or indicator, andFig. 2 shows the reverse side of such pattern-card or indicator. Fig. 3represents a scale-card that may be used with my pattern-card.

The material out of which the pattern-card or indicator is made may'bevaried; but a convenient form is a square of card-board ruled off inlines and having the characters hereinafter described upon its surface.

Upon my pattern-card I make use of arbitrary signs for certainoperations or lnformation necessary to be given to the person that isknitting. I prefer to employ the parallel lines indicatedl in Fig. l,and the length of each line is presumed to represent one hundred rows ofknitting. In Fig. 3 I have represented the length of the line divided up-into one hundred to form a scale, wh ich, when applied to the surfaceof a pattern-card, indicates the number of rows from the point ofbeginning up to the respective signals or signs placed adjoining suchline. The arbitrary signs which I find convenient to employ arerepresented either upon the face or the back of the card, together withthe descriptive matter explaining such arbitrary signs. For example, thearrow adjacent to one of the parallel lines indicates the point anddirection in which the knitting is to be started for doing a certainkind of Work. A vertical line with an inclined mark from the top andtoward the right indicates that the fabric is to be taken in or madenarrow at the right, it being understood that one needle in each bed isto be drawn out of action in narrowing the fabric. A similar line with amark toward the left indicates that the fabric is to be taken in ornarrowed on the left. A vertical line with the marks from the top to theright and to the left indicates that the fabric is to be narrowed uponbot-h edges. A vertical line with a right-angled mark at the top and tothe right indicates that additional needles are to be brought intoaction for widening the fabric to the right. A similar vertical linewith a mark to the left indicates that the fabric is to be widened tothe left, and a T-shaped mark indicates that the fabric is to be widenedupon both edges. It will now be discovered that Where a number is placedadjoining the arrow' denoting the beginning of the work, such number isto indicate the number of needles required to begin the work, and thesigns de-v scribed and the numbers associated with'them indicate what isto be done in introducing or in taking out needles from operation inperforming the knitting of the predetermined garment or fabric, and Iremark'that there may be a pattern-card or indicatorl allotted to onegarment, or the pattern-card or indicator may have upon it theinformation necessary for making several different garments, and I findit convenient to represent upon the reverse side of the card thedifferent garments"v to which the information on the other side` of thecard applies. Thus I have shown at A a representation of the front partof a jacket as knitted flat; at B a lat fabric for a leggin;

at C the fabric for a` sleeve; at D a mitte-m',y

and at E a ladys skirt, and upon the patterni card at the reverse sidethe letters A B C D E give the information necessary for knitting thegarments in dicated by the pictures.

In hand-knitted as well as in machine-knitted garments it is customaryto knit the fabric in what is known as cross-knitting, double knitting,ribbed web, plain web, pearl knitting, pattern-web, and toothedpattern-web, and upon reference to the patterncard shown in the drawingsthe arbitrary signs, which I find it convenient to make use of, arerepresented accompanied with the name to which the sign relates, and itis to be understood that where any arbitrary sign is applied adjoiningthe line indicating one hundred rows of knitting that when the operatorreaches the number of rows adjacent to which the particular sign isplaced, the style of knitting is to be changed for producing the desiredarticle.

In connection with the fabric A the adjacent to the arrow indicates theuse of sixty needles at the beginning, and the sign indicating that theknitting is what is known as pattern-web is adjacent to the 60, and at adistance from the point of beginning corresponding to sixty-two rows ofknitting there, is a circle with a dot indicating that theadjusting-screws of the machine are to be altered, so

Aas to produce the ribbed web denoted by the adjacent sign. .Theknitting is then to proceed for ten more rows, and the double arrowheaddenoting that the needles areto be taken out of action to narrow thefabric in both directions, and the knitting then proceeds for twentyrows more and the fabric is again narrowed. The arrow lat the leftadjoining the second parallel line from the top indicates that thecounting of the number of rows proceeds from this end, and the arbitrarymarks denote what is to be done upon arriving at the position from theend of the line corresponding to a certain number of rows knitted. Thefabric A in this case takes three hundred and seventy-six rows ofknitting, and the vertical line with a dot on the top denotes that thework is finished.

In somekinds of knitting-work a number of needles are put up or .putdown at one time, and I employ a star to indicate that needles are to beput up and a cross to indicate that needles are to be put down, and Iuse numbers to denote how many needles are to be put up or down andplace the iigure on the side of the sign where the alteration of theneedles is to be made.

By the foregoing explanations it will be un' derstood that thepattern-card or knitting-indicator herein described contains in a smallcompass the information necessary to be furnished to the operator fromtime to time, and when this pattern-card is used with a countingapparatus, such as 4used in my aforesaid patent, the indicator isvdriven along'the line of signs the extent of its length during theknitting of one hundred rows and indicates automatically by the signadjacent to such line what is to be done when the indicator arrivesopposite to suchsign, and the trouble heretofore experienced in keepingcount of stitches and rows of knitting and the taking in or widening thefabric at particular places is done byinspection rather than bycounting.

It is often advantageous in knitting a number of similar garments todenote the places and I make use of arbitrary signs placed adjacent tothe parallel lines for denoting the change of color. These arbitrarysigns are preferably inclosed in a small square, and I have indicatedsome of these arbitrary signs. For instance, a square-border line mayrepresent gray; a square border-line with diagonal cross-lines, pink. Asquare border-line with diagonally-placed lozenge indicates paleblue. Asquare border-line divided diagonally and one side darkened represents abronze. A square border-line with a diagonal line represents yellow, andso on. These arbitrary signs for colors may be varied to suit the con-`where the color of the yarn is to be changed,

venience of the operator, and when placed adjacent to the parallel linesrepresenting the mode of knitting they show at which row of knitting thechange is to be made,in connection with the knitting of the fabric Eupon the pattern-cardshowninthedrawings. Theindications illustrate thatone hundred and eighty needles are to be made use of, that the yarn ispink; that the fabric is to be a ribbed web; that seventy-two rows ofknitting are to be made, and then the yarn is to be changed to gray, andthis is to be run for the balance of one hundred rows and fortwenty-eight rows on the return movement, making fifty-six rows of gray.Then the pink is to be introduced for sixty rows, and the gray is to beagain introduced for seventy-four rows, and then the pink is to beintroduced for the remainder of .the fabric, there being in all sixhundred and ninety rows of knitting in producing the skirt shown by thediagram E, and when six hundred and thirty rows have been knitted thescrews are to be adjusted to change the knitting to the cross-knitting.

The mode of using this card or knitting-indicator is very easily learnedand mistakes in the knitted fabric are either entirely avoided orreduced to a minimum.

In machines where a circular dial and hand are made use of for countingthe rows of knitting the signs heretofore set forth may be upon the dialin one row or in two or more concentric rows. It is not always necessaryto have an actual line upon the card or indicator, as the signs orcharacters in lines or rows alone may be employed, and the card orindicator aforesaid may remain flat or be rolled up into a cylindricalform, as most convenient.v

I claim as my inventionl. A pattern-card or indicator for knitting,

' containing parallel lines,each line correspondingvto one hundred orother number of rows lof knitting and arbitrary signs, one to indi- IOOIIO

'cate the direction 'in which the counting is to be done, other signsfor taking in the knitted fabric and for widening the knitted fabric,such signs being placed in the position to indicate the number of rowsof knitting before such widening or narrowing of the fabric, and a signto indicate the number of rows at which the fabric is finished,substantially as set forth.

2. A knitting-indicator or card containing arbitrary signs'in rows orparallel lines to indicate the direction in which the counting is to bedone, the Acharacterof stitch or knitting to be made, numbers indicatingthe number of needles required, and arbitrary signs to denote thewidening and the narrowing of the fabric, or both, and the total numberof rows of knitting in such fabric, substantially as set forth.

3. A pattern-card or knitting-indicator containingV parallel lines orrows of arbitrary marks or signs to denote the character of theknitting, the place where the knitting requires to be changed in itscharacter, and the place where the fabric is to be widened or narrowedafter knitting a number of rows,'as indicated corresponding to onehundred or other number of rows of knitting and adapted to receivearbitrary signs, and also having on another' portion of the same card aseries or arbitrary signs and explanations thereof, whereby the card canbe made to indicate the various manipulations in knitting, substantiallyas speciiied.

Signed by me this 9th dayof December, l 890.

PER PERSSON OLSSON.

Witnesses:

GEO. T. PINCKNEY, HAROLD SERRELL.

